Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of rutile phase were synthesized by hydrolysis of TiCl4 at 95 ℃ in aqueous solution. The samples as prepared and calcined at 500 ℃ were characterized by XRD, TG-DTA and TEM. The sample as prepared was of imperfect rutile structure, and its morphology was rod-like with a diameter of 10～20 nm, a length of 20～80 nm and an aspect ratio of 2～4. The structure of the sample calcined at 500 ℃ was a perfect rutile one, and its morphology was rod-like with a diameter of 15～25 nm, a length of 25～105 nm and an aspect ratio of 2～4. These results indicate that calcination temperature has a positive effect on the structure and the size of rutile nanocrystals, and has no effect on the aspect ratio of rutile nanocrystal. A model for the formation mechnism of rutile nanocrystal in aqueous solution under hydrolysis conditions has been proposed.
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