目的：了解本院门诊拟诊皮肤真菌病患者真菌感染状况，掌握近期本地区皮肤真菌感染菌种分布结构。方法采用 KOH 直接涂片或染色显微镜观察与分离培养相结合的方法，对分离的菌落进行形态学鉴定，对真菌镜检和培养鉴定结果进行统计分析。结果47766例拟诊皮肤真菌病患者中，直接镜检和(或)培养阳性25078例，占52.50%。其中皮肤癣菌病9310例(48.94%)、马拉色菌感染8938例(46.99%)、念珠菌及其他酵母菌感染603例(3.17%)。除外马拉色菌镜检和(或)培养阳性，其余38839例镜检阳性率40.33%、分离培养阳性率25.99%。分离培养与镜检阳性符合率61.41%。皮肤癣菌菌种结构方面，红色毛癣菌为优势菌种占88.19%。结论皮肤癣菌病位居皮肤真菌病之首，以红色毛癣菌为优势菌，念珠菌及其他酵母菌感染亦值得关注。%Objective To learn the condition of fungal infection in suspected skin mycosis outpatients in our hospital and to know the distribution of superficial fungi in recent years in the region.Methods The morphology of the separated colonies was identified by the method of KOH direct smear or staining microscope and culture.Then the results of the fungal micros-copy and culture were statistically analyzed.Results In recent years,the fungal infection rate of skin was 52.48% in the re-gion.There were dermatophytoses 9 310 cases (48.94%),Malassezia 8 938 cases (46.99%),Candida and yeast 603 cases (3.1 7%).Except Malassezia cases,the positive rates of microscopy and culture of the remaining 38 839 cases were 40.33%and 25.99%,respectively.The positive rates of the direct microscopy combined with culture was 61.41%.In the skin isolates of Trichophyton ,Trichophyton rubrum which accounted for 88.1 9% was the dominant fungus.Conclusion Dermatophytoses ranks first in fungal disease of the skin,and Trichophyton rubrum is the dominant pathogenic fungus.But the infections of Candida and other yeasts are also worth paying attention.
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