Distal nephron is composed of DCT,CNT,and CD,which plays a critical role in regulating kidney ion transport. The discovery of WNKs and elaudins points to the underlying mechanisms that dictate Na+ , K+ and Cl- transport in the distal nephron. They should be understood in order to fully comprehend the pathophysiology, manifestations, and treatment of many clinical entities such as hypovolemic shock,congestive heart failure,primary hyperaldosteronism, pseudo-hypoaldosteronism and hypertension et al. Here the underlying molecular mechanisms that dictate Na+,K+ and Cl -handling in the distal nephron is reviewed.%远曲小管、连接小管及集合管组成位于致密斑远端的远端肾单位,是调控肾脏离子转运的重要组成部分.远端肾单位离子转运功能失调与临床上多种疾病(如高血压、假性醛固酮减少症等)的发生发展密切相关.准确了解远端肾单位离子转运及其分子调控机制有助更好地理解相关疾病的发病机制.本文就远端肾单位Na+、K+和Cl-转运及凋控机制的最新研究进展作一综述.
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