表观遗传学是研究基因的核苷酸序列不发生改变的情况下发生可遗传修饰的一门学科.表观遗传机制包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、基因组印记、母体效应、基因沉默和非编码RNA的调控作用等.目前,对于表观遗传学的研究主要集中在DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA的调控上,其机制在肾脏疾病的发生和发展中亦起重要作用.%Epigenelics is a study of heritable changes during gene expression where DNA sequences don't change. The current research field of epigenetics includes DNA methylation, histone modification, genomic imprinting, maternal effects,non-coding RNA and gene silencing,etc. Current epigenetic researches mainly focus on DNA methylation,histone modifications and the regulation of the non-coding RNA. Epigenetic mechanisms also play important roles in the development and progression of kidney diseases.
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