Objective To explore the resting state cortical activity and frontal asymmetry in alpha oscillations in bipolar depressive patients and its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods Twelve bipolar depressive patients (pa⁃tient group) and twenty-four well-matched healthy volunteer (control group) were underwent whole head MEG recording. Individual spectral power and frontal asymmetry index were calculated by using permutation test to discover the differenc⁃es in δ, θ, α1, α2, α3, β bands between the two groups among the regions of interested (bilateral central, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe). The correlation analysis were used to analyze the association between power of brain regions with significant difference and the Hamilton depression rating scale17 scores as well as factor items in patients. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of various regions was increased in the patient group as follows:theδband in the left central and left occipital lobes, theθband in the left occipital lobe, theβband in left cen⁃tral, right frontal, left parietal lobe and right parietal lobe. The power ofα2 andα3 frequency bands was decreased in the bilateral temporal lobes (P<0.05, uncorrected). A negative correlation was observed between the right temporalα3 power and recognition item scores for bipolar depression (P<0.05). Conclusion The present study suggests that bipolar depres⁃sive patients have impaired neural activity at many bands and the symptom of cognitive impairment may be associated with dysfunction ofα3 band.%目的：探究中青年双相障碍抑郁发作患者静息脑磁频谱分布特征、额叶α波偏侧化及其与临床症状的相关性。方法对12例20~45岁中青年双相抑郁患者（患者组）和24名年龄、受教育年限相匹配的正常对照者（对照组）进行静息态脑磁图扫描。采用置换检验比较两组δ、θ、α1、α2、α3、β频段在双侧中央、额叶、颞叶、顶叶、枕叶等感兴趣皮质区相对能量值和偏侧化指数，并分析患者组中与对照组有差异的脑区能量值与汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项（Hamilton depression rating scale，HAMD17）总分及各因子分的相关关系。结果与对照组相比，患者组δ、θ和β频段能量增加：δ频段能量异常分布于左中央区、左枕区（P<0.05，未校正），θ频段能量异常分布于左枕区（P<0.05，未校正），β频段分布于左中央区、右额叶及双侧顶叶。与对照组相比，患者组双侧颞叶在α2及α3频段能量减弱（P<0.05，未校正）。右颞区α3频段能量值与HAMD17认知因子分呈负相关（r=-0.648，P=0.026）。结论双相抑郁患者存在多个频段皮层激活异常，其认知障碍症状可能与α3异常活动有关。
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