目的：评价骨质疏松预防与自我管理课程（ osteoporosis prevention and self-management course ，OPSMC）对绝经后女性骨质疏松认知及健康行为的影响。方法将2011年7月-2012年7月在沈阳军区总医院就诊的267名绝经后妇女随机分为干预组133例和对照组134例。干预组采用OPSMC规定课程，对照组同步实施与骨质疏松无关的健康宣教。干预前及3个月后分别采用骨质疏松症知识问卷（OKT）、骨质疏松症自我效能量表（OSES）和自设的骨质疏松健康行为问卷对两组受试者进行评价。结果2组受试者OKT和OSES评分在不同时间点差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001），不同干预方式对OKT和OSES评分影响不同（P＜0.001），干预与时间点之间有交互作用（P＜0.001）。在3个月时，干预组更加重视补充钙剂（19.5％ vs 1.8％，P＜0.01）、维生素D（14.4％vs 0.9％，P＜0.01）、含钙食物摄入（15.3％ vs 2.7％，P＜0.01）、每周锻炼次数（9.3％ vs 0.9％，P＜0.01）及强度（27.9％vs 8.8％，P＜0.01）。结论 OPSMC是一种有效的骨质疏松健康干预措施，短期内可以提高绝经后女性骨质疏松认知水平，促进健康行为。%Objective To evaluate the effect of osteoporosis prevention and self-management course ( OPSMC) on osteoporosis knowledge and preventive healthy behavior in postmenopausal women.Methods A total of 267 postmenopausal women, who were treated in our hospital from July 2011 to July 2012, were enrolled in this study.All the patients were randomly divided into the intervention group (n=133) and control group (n=134).Patients in intervention group received OPSMC, while patients in control group received health education not concerning osteoporosis.The effect was evaluated using osteoporosis knowledge tests (OKT), osteoporosis self-efficacy scale ( OSES), and self-designed questionnaire of osteoporosis health-related behavior in both groups before the intervention and at the 3rd month after the intervention.Results The significant difference of OKT scores and OSES scores between 2 groups at different time point was observed (P<0.001).And the effect of different intervention on OKT scores and OSES scores also showed a significant difference (P<0.001).An interaction between intervention and time point was observed (P<0.001).During the 3-month follow-up, questionnaire results demonstrated that more women in the intervention group taking calcium supplements (19.5%vs 1.8%, P<0.01), vitamin D supplements (14.4%vs 0.9%, P<0.01), and calcium-containing food (15.3%vs 2.7%, P<0.01).The frequencey and the intensity of exercise per week was also higher in the intervention group (9.3%vs 0.9%, P<0.01;27.9% vs 8.8%, P<0.01; respectively).Conclusion OPSMC is an effective intervention for osteoporosis.It can improve the understanding of osteoporosis and promote the healthy behaviour in postmenopausal women in a short term.
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