Objective To further explore the effect of exercise and age on the bone of postmenopausal women, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of osteoporosis ( OP) in postmenopausal women.Methods A total of 120 postmenopausal women (66 in exercise group and 54 in non-exercise group) were followed for three years.BMC and BMD was detected using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry ( Hologic QDR4500, USA).Results BMD and BMC of the lumbar vertebrae and the pelvis between the exercise group and non-exercise group showed significant difference in two tests (P<0.05).In the exercise group, no significant difference between BMC and BMD of the bilateral legs and BMD of the dominant upper arm was observed, indicating that exercise could slow BMC loss in postmenopausal women, and maintain their BMD value.Compared with its effect on the thoracic vertebrae, the slow-down effect on the lumbar vertebrae and the pelvis was not significant.Conclusion When doing exercise, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women should pay attention to balance the amount and intensity of exercise for both arms.%目的：进一步探讨运动、年龄因素对绝经后女性骨的影响，为预防绝经后女性OP提供理论依据。方法对120名绝经后女性（运动组66人、非运动组54人）进行为期3年的追踪调查，采用美国 Hologic QDR4500型双能X线吸收仪测试其BMC、BMD。结果两次测试中，运动组与非运动组腰椎、盆骨的BMD、BMC值具有显著性差异（ P＜0．05）；运动组双下肢BMC、BMD值和上肢优势侧BMD值不具有显著性差异。说明运动能减缓绝经后女性骨BMC的丢失，维持其BMD值；与胸椎相比，对腰椎和盆骨的“减缓”作用不显著。结论建议处于围绝经期和绝经后的女性进行运动时，注意左右上肢运动量和强度的平衡。
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