As a mechanical and exogenous stimulus , exercise training induces cardiac physiological hypertro-phy, and the cardiac structure is changed slowly , steadily and coordinately.Simultaneously, energy metabolism and func-tion of the cardiac muscle are also improved .These are positive adaptations in the heart when experiencing endurance exer -cise training.Recently, angiotensinⅡtype 1 (AT1) receptor, autophagy and miRNAs are all considered as important reg-ulators to cardiac hypertrophy induced by exercise training at different molecular levels .Fully understanding the relations and the important role of AT1 receptor, autophagy and miRNAs in cardiac physiological hypertrophy will further enrich the signaling pathway of cardiac hypertrophy induced by exercise training .
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