南乔治亚岛大风天气较为频繁, 天气形势复杂多变.通过对2016年冬季的随船观测, 结合地面天气图分析得出, 随船观测期间所有大风天气都由气旋直接或间接造成, 共归纳出3种造成南乔治亚岛大风的天气形势: 单一气旋型, 北高南低型和西高东低型.单一气旋型持续时间较短.北高南低型持续时间较长,对南极磷虾渔船作业影响最大.西高东低型持续时间最短, 往往是鞍型气压场东移造成, 风急浪大, 且风向与常年西风不同, 需特别注意渔船避风避浪方式.%The weather at the South Georgia Islands is frequently windy and the general weather situation is complex. Based on surface weather charts and observations from a fishing ship, we concluded that the synoptic situations that lead to winter gales near the South Georgia Islands could be divided into three types: (1) a single cyclone, (2) high pressure to the north and low pressure to the south, and (3) high pressure to the west and low pressure to the east. Type 1 causes gales with moderately short durations. Type 2 causes gales with the longest durations. Type 3 is often generated by an eastward shift of the saddle-shaped pressure system, producing gales with the shortest durations. However, Type 3 can produce wind waves in directions different to the climatological mean direction, which potentially could be dangerous for fishing ships and therefore, careful monitoring is required.
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