利用北斗／GPS双系统四频率接收机，于2011年10月至2012年4月采集了中国第28次南极考察沿线的北斗和GPS实测数据，跨度北至中国天津，南至南极内陆昆仑站。从C／A码伪距的信噪比和多路径、可见卫星数、PDOP值、标准定位的精度等方面对比分析了北斗和GPS系统在航线上不同区域，尤其是在远洋及南极地区不同运动状态下的定位效果。结果表明现阶段的北斗系统信号质量总体上与GPS相当；在45°以内的中低纬度地区，动态定位精度与GPS相当，水平和高程方向分别可达10 m和20 m左右，而静态定位水平方向精度为米级，与GPS相当，高程方向10 m左右，较GPS略差；在中高纬地区，由于可见卫星数较少、卫星分布较差，定位精度较差或无法定位。%Using the BeiDou/GPS dual-system four-frequency receiver, BeiDou and GPS data were collected from Tianjin in China to Kunlun Station in Antarctica, along the route of the 28th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedi-tion.Based on the signal-to-noise ratio and multipath of the C/A code (Coarse/Acquisition code), visible satel-lites, PDOP ( Position Dilution of Precision) , and single-frequency point positioning using the C/A code, the navi-gational and positioning features of BeiDou and GPS were analyzed during different parts of the voyage , especially in the ocean and Antarctic regions, under different movement modes.Results showed that the signal quality of BeiDou is generally as good as that of GPS.At 45°, the precision of BeiDou kinematic positioning is consistent with GPS, i.e., 10 and 20 m in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.The precision of static positioning reaches several meters in the horizontal direction, which is comparable with GPS, and about 10 m in the vertical direction, which is worse than GPS.In mid-and high latitudes, because of the lack of visible satellites, positioning accuracy is poor and even positioning failed.
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