Sulfuric acid aerosols from volcanic eruptions are an important cause of climate change. These aerosols can be transported over long distances and are eventually deposited on polar ice sheets, where they are preserved in the snow strata. Several methods for detecting volcanic signals in polar ice cores have been developed according to the characteristics of volcanic aerosols. Additionally, volcanic records of various length have been obtained from ice cores recovered from Antarctica and Greenland. These volcanic records have provided valuable information for identifying stratospheric eruptions, dating ice cores and investigating the climatic effect of volcanism in the last millennium. However, the information currently available from volcanic records in existing polar ice cores is not sufficient to understand completely the climatic effect of volcanism. Therefore, improved chronology or dating and high resolution measurement of long/deep ice cores is needed to establish the volcanic eruption history on a time scale of tens of thousands of years to a million years and to distinguish eruptions of climatic significance. A better understanding of the climatic effect of volcanism can be expected from such improvements.%火山活动产生的硫酸气溶胶是影响气候变化的重要因素,这些气溶胶经大气环流被传输至极区,最后沉降和保存在极地冰盖上.根据火山气溶胶的性质,研究者们提出了冰芯中火山信号的识别方法,并据此重建了不同历史时期保存在极地冰盖不同地点的火山活动记录.这些记录在判别具有全球气候效应的火山事件、冰芯定年以及研究近1000年来火山活动对气候的影响等方面发挥了重要作用.然而,目前依据极地冰芯建立的火山记录还不足以为人们明确火山活动对气候系统的影响提供丰富而详实的数据.因此,今后应获取更多的具有长时间尺度的极地冰芯样品,对其进行高分辨率分析,提高定年准确度.在此基础上重建过去万年至百万年尺度的火山活动记录,并辨别出具有全球气候效应的火山事件,以进一步研究火山活动对气候系统的影响.
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