The problem of elevation errors due to propagation environment for radar tracking low altitude target is studied.Based on parabolic equation method for electromagnetic wave propagation,a new method for calculating low elevation errors is proposed,which can consider the effects of multipath and atmospheric refraction simultaneously.Validity of the proposed method is indicated by comparing with result from ray method under condition of standard refraction.Errors of elevation angle are simulated in different propagation environments,including rough sea surface and ducting environments.Variety of elevation errors after using narrow angle or bias axis tracking to decrease the effects of multipath are also simulated.The calculation process and simulation results show the comprehensive influence of complex environment involves multipath and ducting can be considered by the proposed method simultaneously,as well as other factors including radar parameters and working mode.%针对雷达跟踪低空目标受传播环境影响的仰角误差问题,基于电磁波传播的抛物方程方法,提出一种能计算多路径和大气折射等造成低仰角误差的新方法.正常大气折射条件下,与射线方法结果的对比显示了该方法的正确性.利用所提方法,仿真分析了粗糙海面、大气波导等不同环境条件下的雷达测角误差,并仿真了采用窄角和偏轴跟踪方式减轻多路径效应后的改善效果.计算过程和仿真结果表明,所提方法可同时考虑大气波导和多路径等复杂传播环境的综合影响,以及雷达参数和工作方式等因素的共同影响.
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