目的 调查分析新兵人性哲学特征及其影响因素.方法 采用人性的哲学量表、人性的哲学修订量表、生活事件量表、症状自评量表及卡特尔16种人格特质问卷,对562名新兵进行测试.采用秩变换单因素方差分析、Spearman相关分析和多元逐步回归分析.结果 新兵人性哲学观彼此差异很大;初中文化水平新兵人性哲学观更倾向于消极阴郁;新兵人性观与负性生活事件相关较为突出(r=-0.084～0.182,P<0.05或P<0.01);值得信任、利他主义、意志力与理性、人性的复杂性及愤世嫉俗与SCL-90总分及各因子存在显著相关(r=0.088～0.292,P<0.05或P<0.01);新兵值得信任、利他主义、意志力与理性、人性的复杂性、愤世嫉俗与16种人格因素的10个特质有显著相关(r=0.089～0.345,P<0.05或P<0.01);回归分析显示,人格是影响新兵心理健康最多、最主要因素,而人性哲学的值得信任(正性)(Beta=-0.140,t=-3.707,P=0.000)、意志力与理性(负性)(Beta=0.134,t=3.652,P=0.010)对新兵心理健康也具有不可忽视的作用.结论 对新兵人性哲学观进行教育的同时,要关注负性的应激事件、心理健康水平及个性特征的影响.%Objectives To analyze the characteristics of philosophies of human nature of recruits and their influential factors. Methods Five hundred and sixty two recruits were evaluated on Philosophies of Human Nature(PHN)、Revised Philosophies of Human Nature ( RPHN)、 Life Events Scale ( LES)、 Symptom Check List 90 (SCL-90) and Cattell' s 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF). Such analysis as rank transform one factor ANOVA、Spearman correlation and stepwise regression were implemented. Results Philosophies of human nature of recruits had apparent difference; Philosophies of human nature of junior high school educational level recruits were much pessimism; Some factors of PHN and RPHN of recruits were significant correlated with negative life events(r=-0. 084～-0. 182, P＜0.05 or P＜0. 01); Trustworthiness, altruism, strength of will and rationality, complexity of human nature of PHN and cynicism of RPHN of recruits were significant correlated with the total score and factors of SCL-90(r＝ 0. 088～0. 292, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). And trustworthiness, altruism, strength of will and rationality, complexity of human nature of PHN and cynicism of RPHN of recruits had high correlation coefficient with C、E、F、G、H、L、O、Q2、Q3 andQ4(r＝0.089～0.345, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). Stepwiseregression showed that personality was the most important influential factor of mental health of recruits, and positive of trustworthiness(Beta＝-0. 140, t ＝-3. 707, P ＝ 0. 000) and negative of strength of will and rationality (Beta ＝ 0. 134, t ＝ 3. 652, P ＝0. 010) of PHN had considerable role to mental health of recruits. Conclusions It is suggested that when we educate philosophies of human nature of recruits, we must pay more attention to the influential of negative life events, mental health and personality.
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