目的 探讨不孕年限与患者焦虑、抑郁、应对方式的相关性.方法 选取在中南大学湘雅附一医院生殖中心就诊的388例不孕症患者为研究对象进行问卷调查和分析.调查问卷包括一般资料问卷、应对方式问卷、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表.结果 不孕症患者的焦虑和抑郁问卷得分在不孕年限为2~3年时达到峰值(SAS:60.5±7.1,SDS:56.2±6.8),之后随着不孕年限增长而降低,焦虑问卷得分的下降速度要快于抑郁得分.低不孕年限(0~3年)组患者的焦虑和抑郁问卷得分均与自责、幻想因子呈正相关(r=0.23~0.31,均P<0.05),与求助因子得分呈负相关(r=-0.41~-0.25,均P<0.01),其抑郁问卷得分还与退避因子呈正相关(r=0.32,P<0.01).高不孕年限(>3年)组患者的抑郁问卷得分与自责因子呈正相关(r=0.27,P<0.05),与求助和解决问题因子得分呈负相关(r=-0.39~-0.24,均P<0.05).结论 采用求助和解决问题的积极应对方式,并且避免自责的消极应对方式,有利于减轻不孕症患者的焦虑和抑郁程度.%Objective To investigate the association of anxiety, depression and coping style with duration of infertility. Methods Questionnaire surveys were performed among 388 infertile patients visiting Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The questionnaires used in the survey included general information questionnaire, coping style questionnaire (CSQ), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and self-rating depression scale ( SDS ) . Results The scores of SAS and SDS achieved the highest for the infertile patients with infertility duration of 2-3 years (SAS:60. 5 ± 7. 1, SDS:56. 2 ± 6. 8). After that, the scores decreased as the infertility duration increased and the score of SAS decreased faster than that of SDS. The scores of SAS and SDS of patients with short infertility duration (0 -3 years) had positive correlation with self-accusation and illusion factors (r value ranged 0. 23 to 0. 31, P<0. 05), but had negative correlation with appealing factors(r value ranged -0. 41 to -0. 25, P<0. 01). In addition, the scores of SDS of patients with short infertility duration had positive correlation with resignation(r=0. 32,P<0. 01). The scores of SDS of patients with long infertility duration ( >3 years) had positive correlation with self-accusation factor(r =0. 27, P <0. 05), but had negative correlation with appealing and problem solving factors(r value ranged -0. 39 to -0. 24,P<0. 05). Conclusion It will be helpful to relieve the anxiety and depression of infertile patients by using positive coping styles like appealing and problem solving and by avoiding negative coping styles like self-accusation.
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