Objective To analyze the situation of anemia among HIV-exposed infants aged 0 to 18 months old in some areas of Xinjiang and hence to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of anemia among HIV-exposed infants. Methods Both retrospective investigation and cross-sectional investigation were used to collect data. Questionnaires survey was conducted and hemoglobin was measured for HIV-exposed infants aged 0 to 18 months old and their caregivers in study sites. Collected data were analyzed. Results In total 155 HIV-exposed infants aged 0 to 18 months old and their caregivers were involved in the study. The prevalence of anemia was 16. 77% in these children. The prevalence of anemia in infants aged 0-6 months, 7-12 months, and 13-18 months was 6. 12%, 22. 00% and 21. 43%, respectively. The prevalence in infants aged 7-18 months was statistically significantly greater than that in those aged 6 months or younger (χ2 =5. 82, P=0. 016). Logistic regression analysis indicated that older age of infants, poor family economic and low birth weight were risk factors of anemia in HIV-exposed infants. Conclusion The prevalence of anemia increases remarkably in HIV-exposed infants older than 6 months old. Potential influencing factors include infant' s family economic status, birth weight and improper complementary food. Counseling and guidance on infant feeding for parents should be strengthened to further improve their capability on scientific feeding and make them grasp the measures of complementary feeding. In addition, nutritional supplements such as iron-fortified food and nutrition package need to be provided to increase iron intake and to prevent anemia.%目的 分析新疆部分地区0~18个月龄人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)暴露婴幼儿贫血现状,为防治HIV暴露婴幼儿贫血提供依据.方法 采用回顾性调查与现况调查相结合的研究方法 ,对研究现场0~18个月龄HIV暴露婴幼儿及其看护人进行血红蛋白含量测定和问卷调查,并对数据进行分析.结果 本次研究共调查155名0~18个月龄HIV暴露婴幼儿及其看护人,其中婴幼儿总贫血患病率为16.77%,0~6月龄、7~12月龄、13~18月龄婴幼儿贫血患病率分别为6.12%、22.00%、21.43%,7~18月龄婴幼儿患病率明显高于6月龄内婴儿,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.82,P=0.016).Logistic回归分析结果 显示:婴幼儿月龄大、家庭经济状况差、低出生体重是HIV暴露婴幼儿的患贫血危险因素.结论 HIV暴露婴幼儿6月龄后贫血患病率明显升高,与婴幼儿家庭经济状况、出生体重、辅食添加不合理等因素有关,建议加强对婴幼儿家长的喂养咨询指导,提高家长科学喂养技能,教会其科学合理的辅食添加方式,另外提供一些铁强化食品、营养包等营养补充剂,增加铁摄入量,从而防止贫血的发生.
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