目的：对556例喂养困难的婴幼儿进行相关影响因素的分析，以提出合理的干预措施。方法采用标准化的婴幼儿喂养困难评分表（ MCH-FS）对来福建泉州医学高等专科学校临床医学院行常规体检的婴幼儿进行喂养情况调查，根据Logit变化法计算喂养困难评分及等级判定，同时自行设计喂养困难影响因素调查表，进一步对其原因进行探讨分析。结果婴幼儿喂养困难的发生率在性别上无显著性差异（χ2＝0．02，P＞0．05）；城镇和农村的婴幼儿喂养困难发生率无显著性差异（χ2＝2．32，P＞0．05）；但在年龄上具有较大差异，随年龄增大，喂养困难的发生率越大，差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝16．18，P＜0．05）。早产儿和有出生窒息的婴幼儿其喂养困难发生率显著高于正常婴幼儿，差异具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为225．12、275．26，均P＜0．01）。患有消化道疾病的婴幼儿其喂养困难的发生率显著高于正常婴幼儿，差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝112．07，P＜0．01）。喂养技巧高及有眼神交流者其喂养困难的发生率显著降低（χ2值分别为24．86、35．89，P＜0．01），延长喂养可增加喂养困难的发生率，差异具有统计学意义（χ2＝79．48，P＜0．01）。结论婴幼儿年龄、身体健康状况及喂养技巧是喂养困难发生的影响因素，看护人应加强互动交流来促进婴幼儿进食。%Objective To analyze the related factors influencing the feeding difficulty in infants and young children so as to propose reasonable interventions.Methods Investigation on feeding situation was carried out among infants and young children coming to Medical College in Quanzhou for routine check-up according to Montreal Children Hospital Feeding Scale ( MCH-FS) , and feeding difficulty scores were determined according to Logit change method.At the same time questionnaire on influencing factors of feeding difficulty was designed for further analysis of causes.Results There was no significant difference between genders in the incidence of feeding difficulty (χ2 =0.02, P>0.05), and no significant difference was found between urban and rural areas (χ2 =2.32, P>0.05).But there was great difference in age.With the age increasing, the incidence of feeding difficulty increased with statistically significant difference (χ2 =16.18, P<0.05).It was significantly higher in premature and birth asphyxia infants than in normal infants with statistically significant difference (χ2 value was 225.12 and 275.26, respectively, both P<0.01).At the same time the incidence in infants with digestive tract disease was significantly higher than normal infants with statistically significant difference (χ2 =112.07, P<0.01).It reduced significantly in infants who accepted high feeding skill and eye contact (χ2 value was 24.86 and 35.89, respectively, both P<0.01).Extending feeding will promote the incidence of feeding difficulty with statistically significant difference (χ2 =79.48, P<0.01).Conclusion The age and health status of infants and young children as well as feeding skill can affect the incidence of feeding difficulty, so breeders should strengthen interaction to promote infant feeding.
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