Objective To investigate knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of periconceptional women on birth defects in Xi'an areas and requirements of service subjects for reproduction health promotion in prevention of birth defects so as to provide technological support of health-education for the primary prevention. Methods In multi-stage random cluster sampling method, 319 women who planned to conceive and had conceived in year 2010 were selected from 7 counties and areas in Xi'an city and were investigated by interview and questionnaires. 315 valid questionnaires were collected. Results The general level of periconceptional women for knowledge of birth defects was low and their average score was 6.9 (The total score was 10). The rural women got less knowledge about birth defects than the urban women (t = 4.327, P ＜ 0.001 ) and the knowledge level about birth defects became higher as the woman received higher education (P ＜0.01 ). Regarding attitude, the periconceptional women who hoped urgently to participate training of knowledge about birth defects were 92.4％, but the proportion of women who got the knowledge by training were only 38. 1％. Regarding behavior, rate of premarital consultation and examination (45.7％) and rate of pregestational aristogenesis examination (58.1％) were lower than the rate of prenatal obstetrical routine examination ( 88.3％ ) before delivery ( P ＜ 0. 001 ). And heightened education level of the woman could increase participating rate of women in the three kinds of examination (P ＜0.05). The proportion of women who took the small dose folic acid was 79.2％, but the proportion of women who correctly took the folic acid was only 19.5％. The intake rate of folic acid among women who lived in rural areas or received less education or had lower incomes was significantly lower ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion The knowledge level about birth defects and participating rate of related medical examinations of periconceptional women in Xi' an city are both lower. And the method of taking folic acid is not standardized, especially in rural areas. Training service of aristogenesis promotion need to be enhanced.The primary prevention of birth defects and aristogenesis promotion need to be strengthened further.%目的 了解西安地区围孕期妇女的出生缺陷相关知识水平、态度、行为以及出生缺陷预防及优生促进服务人群需求状况,为一级预防干预提供技术支持.方法 2010年分阶段随机抽取西安市7个区县中准备妊娠及妊娠期妇女319人作为调查对象,采用访谈及问卷进行知识、态度、行为(KAP)调查,回收有效问卷315份.结果 西安地区围孕期妇女出生缺陷知识总体水平偏低,平均得分6.9分(10分制),农村妇女的知识掌握水平明显低于城郊地区(t＝4.327,P<0.001).但受教育程度的增加可显著提升妇女的知识掌握水平(P<0.01).态度方面,迫切希望参与出生缺陷预防及优生促进相关培训的妇女比例高达92.4%,但仅有38.1%的妇女是通过培训渠道获取的知识.行为方面,婚前检查和孕前优生检查的参与率偏低,分别为45.7%、58.1%,均显著低于88.3%的孕期常规产检率(P<0.001),而受教育程度的增加可明显提高三项检查的参与率(P<0.05).小剂量叶酸服用率达到79.2%,但正确服用率却仅为19.5%;居住农村,受教育程度低以及家庭经济状况差的人群,其叶酸服用率明显降低(均P<0.05).结论 西安地区围孕期妇女出生缺陷知识水平及相关医学检查参与程度均偏低,叶酸服用不规范,以农村为甚.优生促进培训服务急待增强.出生缺陷一级预防及优生促进工作需要全面深入开展.
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