目的 掌握福建省腹泻患者致泻性大肠埃希菌(diarrheagenic Escherichia coli,DEC)的流行特征,为防控腹泻病的流行和爆发提供依据.方法 搜集2010-2015年延平区和永安市哨点医院腹泻病标本1 950份,接种于麦康凯(MaC)培养基,挑选平板上粉红色、光滑型菌落,采用常规分离培养和分子诊断技术相结合的方法分离鉴定致泻性大肠埃希菌,用SPSS 17.0对结果进行统计分析.结果 致泻性大肠埃希菌共检出129株,总检出率为6.62％;EPEC检出65株,检出率为3.33％,其中aEPEC 61株,tEPEC4株;ETEC和EAEC均检出32株,检出率为1.64％;未检出EHEC和EIEC.男女DEC检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);将腹泻患者按照年龄分为5组,DEC检出率分别为7.03％、4.60％、3.70％、7.28％和6.21％,各组EPEC、ETEC和EAEC检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).致泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)检出率最高的月份为8月和9月;农村和城市DEC检出率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两地区各类型DEC构成比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 福建省DEC存在3种类型,以EPEC为主(其中aEPEC占绝对优势),8、9月是DEC高发月份,0～5岁婴幼儿组及成人组是DEC的高发人群,合理使用抗生素治疗DEC需要得到重视.%We investigated the epidemiological characteristics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E.coli) infection in Fujian Province,providing reference for the prevention and control of diarrhea epidemic and outbreak.Yanping and Yongan areas were selected as surveillance sites from year 2010 to 2015,where 1 950 samples were collected from the sentinel hospitals,and then samples were isolated and cultured on MacConkey agar plates.Suspected strains were identified by routine and molecular diag nosis technique methods.Results were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software package.A total of 129 strains of diarrheagenic E.coli were isolated with a total detection rate of 6.62％.The detection rates of enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC),enterotoxigenic E.coli(ETEC) and enteroadhesive E.coli(EAEC) were 3.33％,1.64％ and 1.64％ respectively (including 61 strains of atypical EPEC,4 strains of typical EPEC,and 32 strains of ETEC and EAEC for each),while EHEC and EIEC were not found.There was no significant difference between the detection rates of male and female.All the patients were divided into five groups according to the age,and there were no significant differences between the detection rates of EPEC,EAEC and ETEC in the 5 groups.The detection rates were the highest in August and September.There was no significant difference between the detection rates of rural area and uban area.There was also no significant difference between the composition ratio of diarrheagenic E.coli (DEC) in the two surveillance sites.In conclusion,there were three kinds of DEC in Fujian Province,and EPEC was the dominant.August and September were the months with the highest detection rates.Children age less than five and adult aged 20 59 years were the high risk groups with DEC infection.More attention should be attached on the rational treatment by antibiotic for DEC.
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