Objectives To understand the mortality rate, death constitution and changing tendency about hospitalized children from 2003 to 2005, and provide a scientific basis for making the scientific and effective measures of health care for children. Methods A retrospectively analysis was performed on the front pages in medical records of 1119 cases of death children less than 14 years old in a hospital from 2003 to 2015. Results Our hospital treated 331694 cases of children, of which 1119 cases of death. The average annual in-hospital mortality of 3.37‰ and the mortality rate showed a declining trend. The mortality of neonatal was significantly higher than other age groups. The top 3 causes of death were perinatal diseases, respiratory diseases, congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities. The main cause of death varied in different age groups. Conclusions The key points to reduce the mortality of children included strengthen the screening and monitoring of high risk mothers, improve the prenatal care, prevent respiratory infections and improve the emergency rescue level of medical personnel. To adopt scientific and effective control measures according to the disease characteristics of different age groups.%目的 分析2003年-2015年住院儿童的病死率、死亡疾病谱及变化趋势,为制定科学有效的儿童卫生保健措施提供参考资料.方法 回顾性分析2003年-2015年期间14岁及以下住院儿童病案首页信息.结果 2003年-2015年共收治儿童331694例,其中死亡1119例,总病死率为3.37‰,各年病死率呈下降趋势.新生儿病死率显著高于其他年龄组.死亡原因构成前3位为起源于围生期疾病、呼吸系统疾病、先天性畸形和染色体异常.不同年龄组儿童死亡原因构成不同.结论 降低住院儿童病死率的关键是加强高危产妇筛查及监护、做好围生期保健工作、积极防治上呼吸道感染、提高医务人员抢救水平.根据不同年龄组疾病特点,采取科学有效的防治措施.
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