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首页> 中文期刊> 《洁净煤技术》 >民用散煤污染治理(Ⅰ)不同炉具燃烧特性的对比试验研究

民用散煤污染治理(Ⅰ)不同炉具燃烧特性的对比试验研究

         
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摘要

为了提高市面上炉具的燃烧效率,降低民用煤散烧污染物排放,获取市面上不同燃烧方式民用炉具的燃烧特性,考察了兖矿集团研制的高效改性烟煤型煤在兖矿蓝天解耦燃烧炉具和市面上6种典型的民用炉具中的燃烧特性,包括上火速度、火力强度、烟气温度、热负荷、CO排放浓度等.根据燃烧方式可将炉具分为3类,分别是正烧类炉具、反烧类炉具及解耦燃烧炉具.结果表明,正烧类炉具具有较高的上火速度及火力强度,分别达到8℃/min和2 kW以上,但使用过程中烟囱有大量黑烟冒出,烟气污染物排放浓度高,并且排烟温度较高,平均达到300℃左右,导致炉具热效率低,热负荷难以控制,需频繁加煤,导致炉具燃烧和污染物排放具有极强的周期性;反烧类炉具因其多回程的炉膛结构原因,大部分不具备炊事功能,炉具使用过程基本无烟,减少了PM2.5以及有机挥发分气体的排放,运行过程较为稳定,但由于其贯穿炉膛的送风及燃烧方式,导致料层容易烧穿,冒出大量黑烟.解耦炉具的上火速度与火力强度分别可达到6℃/min及2 kW以上,具有较好的炊事能力,使用过程无烟,且平均烟气温度不超过250℃,热效率高,热负荷易于调节,加煤周期较长,燃烧、供热稳定.同时,解耦炉具通过合理的一、二次风配比,使型煤充分燃烧,CO排放浓度低于普通正烧及反烧类炉具.通过“煤炉匹配”在实现烟煤无烟化燃烧的同时,达到上火快,火力强,好使用的目的.%In order to improve the combustion efficiency of the furnace on the market,and reduce the discharge of pollutants from civilian coal,and obtain different combustion patterns on the market of civil combustion characteristics,the combustion characteristics of chemical additives containing bituminous coal briquettes,developed by Yankuang Group Company,were experimentally investigated in newly developed staged pyrolysis-semi coke combustion stove and 6 other commercial household coal stoves.Water boiling speed,fire intensity,flue gas temperature,thermal power output,and CO emissions were measured and compared.The coal stoves were classified into 3 categories according to the air-flue gas flow mode,namely,updraft stove,downdraft stove and pyrolysis-semi coke combustion staged stove.Results demonstrate that the updraft stoves have higer water boiling speed and fire intensity,respectively at 8 ℃/min and over 2 kW.But this type of stoves emit heavy black smokes from the stack,causing serious air pollution.The thermal efficiency of the updraft stoves is low,and it is difficult to control the thermal power output,primarily due to the high flue gas temperature,which is average as high as 300 ℃,resulting in it is required frequent coal addition,and thus the furnace combustion and pollutant emissions have a strong cyclical.For the downdraft stoves,most of them cannot provide cooking functionality because of the multi-upward/downward flue gas flow path designs.The downdraft stoves can achieve smokeless combustion and emission,contributing to reduction in the PM2.5 and VOCs emissions.The downdraft stoves require less frequent coal addition,and the combustion process is relatively stable.However,due to the air flows downward through the entire coal packed in the stove,the coal pack is easily burnt through,leading to emerging serious smoke.The decoupling stoves are designed by separation of air starving pyrolysis process and air-rich semi-coke combustion process,which leads to appreciable NOx reduction.The decoupling stoves can be characterized by higher fire speed and intensity (higher than 6 ℃/min and 2 kW respectively),excellent cooking ability,stable heat supply and higher thermal efficiency as results of complete coal briquette combustion and lower flue gas temperature (less than 250 ℃).Smokeless emission is achieved throughout the combustion process.The thermal power output is easy to adjust,and coal addition is much less frequent.Benefited by appropriate air staging supply,the complete coal combustion results in lower CO emission compared to other types of coal stoves.It can be concluded that by adapting the "coal-stove matching" principle,the combustion of bituminous coals can achieve smokeless,along with the features of high fire speed and intensity,ease to use and thus customer adoption.

著录项

  • 来源
    《洁净煤技术》 |2017年第4期|89-94|共6页
  • 作者

    梁斌; 宋华; 白浩隆; 武琼; 柏奖枝; 杨晓辉; 蓝天;

  • 作者单位

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

    兖矿集团有限公司,山东济宁273599;

    兖矿科技有限公司,山东济南250100;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类 煤的燃烧;
  • 关键词

    民用散煤; 炉具; 燃烧特性; 污染治理;

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