In order to research the validity of using the AMDAR (Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay) data in the GRAPES (Global Regional Assimilation and Prediction System) numerical forecast system, the bias and standard deviation of the operational AMDAR data from the National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) were calculated, and the impact of the AMDAR data on GRAPES was analyzed. We conducted our study using data from May to June 2013 (two months), with an assimilation window of 6 h and a validity period of 7 d. The bias of the temperature was 0.2 °C, and the standard deviation was 2 °C. The bias of the wind was 0.2 m/s, and the standard deviation was 3 m/s. The AMDAR data error distribution is almost normal. The results show an improvement in the assimilation and forecast by GRAPES when using the AMDAR data.%为了研究 AMDAR（Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay）资料对 GRAPES（Global Regional Assimilation and Prediction System）系统的影响，针对从国家气象信息中心实时库检索的业务 AMDAR 资料，分析了该资料的偏差和标准差等质量特性；利用 GRAPES 数值预报系统，做了两个月的同化预报循环试验。选取资料和试验的时间是2013年5月、6月，同化窗口6 h，预报时效7 d。结果表明，与背景场该资料的温度要素的平均偏差在0.2°C ，标准差在2°C，风的平均偏差在0.2 m/s，标准差在3 m/s，偏差基本符合正态分布；AMDAR 资料对同化和预报效果均有改善。
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