中国成煤盆地类型多样、后期改造强烈，绝大多数成煤盆地已遭受破坏解体，煤系现今分布范围与原型盆地相去甚远。针对中国煤田构造的上述特点，以成煤盆地研究为基础，建立了成煤盆地原型综合分类方案，划分了我国主要成煤期的成煤盆地类型。采用赋煤构造单元的概念表征现今煤系赋存特点，认为煤田构造格局的形成和演化就是成煤盆地原型经历不同程度改造，形成现今各类赋煤单元的过程。晚古生代以来，中国大陆经历了海西、印支、燕山和喜马拉雅四大构造旋回，多期性质、方向、强度不同的构造运动，使各成煤期形成的不同类型的成煤盆地遭受不同程度的改造，原型盆地分解破坏、叠合反转，煤系发生变形、变位、变质作用，形成不同级别和不同构造属性的赋煤构造单元，由此决定了煤炭资源的现今赋存状态。%The remarkable characteristics of coalfield structure of China are the various types of coal-forming basins and the late intensive reformation of coal series, most of coal-forming basins underwent strong destruction and the present distribution of coal series is different far from the original coal basin. Based on the research of coal-forming basin, this paper established a comprehensive classification scheme of coal-forming basin and divided the types of coal-forming basin during main coal-forming stages of China. The concept of coal-bearing tectonic units is adopted to indicate today’s occurrence characteristics of coal series, and the formation and evolution of coalfield structure framework can be understood as a process that coal-forming prototype basin experienced reformation of varying degrees to form present coal-bearing tectonic units. Since late Paleozoic, the Chinese continent has experienced four major tectonic cycles, i.e. Hercynian movement, Indosinian movement, Yanshan movement, and Himalayan movement. And the coal-forming basins of different type formed in main coal-forming stages went through the reformation of different degrees during the multiple tectonic movements. The prototype basins were destroyed, superimposed and inverted, coal series in basin have been deformed, displaced and metamorphosed. By that, coal-forming basins were segmented into coal-bearing tectonic units with different scales and structural attribution, resulting in present occurrence status of coal resources.
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