基于切顶卸压沿空留巷无煤柱开采技术原理,分析了切顶卸压沿空留巷碎石巷帮的形成机理,建立了沿空留巷围岩结构模型,明确了顶板岩层运动特征;通过结合现场实测数据分析了采空区矸石运动特征,提出了将矸石运动过程划分为两大阶段,即快速垮落阶段和缓慢压实阶段,揭示了在矸石不同运动阶段矸石与碎石巷帮支护结构相互作用关系;基于顶板岩层及矸石运动特征提出了“侧向动静结合、纵向伸缩让压”的碎石巷帮控制思路,同时针对不同煤层开采厚度开发了3种不同的碎石巷帮控制结构,形成了切顶卸压沿空留巷无煤柱开采技术碎石巷帮稳定性控制体系,并在现场进行了支护应用,取得了良好的应用效果.%Based on the principle of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and pressure releasing,the formation mechanism of roadway side wall formed by gangue was analyzed,and the motion characteristics of the roof was discussed by establishing the structure model of surrounding rock.According to the field measured data,the process of the gangue movement was divided into two stages,including rapid collapse stage and slow conpaction stage,and then,the interaction relationship between the gangue and the supporting structure at each stage was clearly obtained.Besides,a control ideal,combining static and dynamic in the horizontal direction and extensible at the vertical direction to relief pressure,was put forward to lateral supporting structure base on the motion characteristics of the roof and the gangue.At last,three different control structures were proposed in view of different mining height,and the control system was established,which has been proved to be of good practicality in engineering site.
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