The reasonable deployment of the quantity and location of multi-sink in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is efficient to prolong the network lifetime and control the network cost. This paper establishes network lifetime and cost model based on the WSNs with random distribution. Furthermore, the expression of the optimal number of sink nodes is deduced by using the ratio of network lifetime to cost (RLC), which makes a tradeoff between the network lifetime and the deployment cost. A placement algorithm named RDF (Region Density First) is also proposed which makes us to determine the place of the sink nodes easily. These methods are validated by a simulation test and the results show that they are effective to prolong the network lifetime and decrease the deployment cost.%多sink节点数量和位置的合理部署能有效延长无线传感器网络寿命、控制网络成本.基于随机分布无线传感器网络结构,建立了网络寿命模型和成本模型,并采用网络寿命成本比(RLC)推导出使网络寿命和网络成本综合最优的sink节点数目的表达式.同时,还提出RDF算法可以在给定sink节点数目的情况下,快速有效地确定sink节点位置.通过理论分析和仿真验证,证明采用本文提出的部署策略能有效延长网络寿命,同时降低网络部署成本.
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