动态目标的实时监测是无线传感器网络覆盖的必备技术和发展趋势，针对由于目标运动带来的网络动态拓扑变化和耗能高等问题，提出了一个预测模型。该模型通过综合分析目标在当前时刻前的信息如移动速度、移动方向的基础上，基于二维高斯分布，预测目标未来可能出现的区域，从而激活相应的传感器，减轻无线传感器网络的工作压力。并且设计相应的通讯协议，以保证基站与传感器节点之间数据稳定、实时的传输。基于仿真实验表明了该方法的有效性和可行性。%Real time monitoring of dynamic target is the essential technology and the development trend of wireless sensor network coverage. Aiming at the problem of target motion brings the dynamic network topology change and heavy energy consumption, this paper proposes a prediction algorithm. Through a comprehensive analysis of the target’s information such as velocity, moving direction in the current moment, based on the two-dimensional Gauss distribution, it predicts possible future areas, which leads to activation of the corresponding sensor, alleviate the work pressure of wireless sensor network. It designs the communication protocol, to ensure the stable transmission, data between base station and sensor nodes in real time. The experiments based on simulation show the algorithm is not only valuable but also feasible.
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