故障树分析法( Fault Tree Analysis,FTA)是分析系统可靠性和安全性的一种重要方法,在各行业故障诊断中得到了广泛的应用。通过将故障树分析法和基于规则的专家系统相结合,对于发现卫星故障并成功维修以确保在轨卫星应用任务的正常运行具有重要意义。文中建立了故障诊断框架,提出适合空间有效载荷故障知识获取及表示方法,可以极大地降低系统知识获取的难度,并提出载荷状态诊断的快速推理机制,实现了对实际任务中有效载荷状态故障的诊断。该诊断方法新颖,具有直观、非接触性、成本低、诊断速度快和正确性高的特点,能够极大地提高卫星运行控制工作的自动化程度、工作效率。%Fault tree analysis is an important method for analyzing the reliability and security of the system,which is widely applied in va-rious fault diagnosis industries. It is very important for finding satellite failures and maintenance to insure the satellite runs normally through combining the FTA with the expert system based on rules. In this paper,establish the fault diagnosis framework,propose a knowl-edge acquisition and representation method which is suitable for the space payload fault,it can greatly reduce the difficulty of knowledge acquisition. Also establish a fast inference mechanism that can quickly diagnose the payload state,which is featured in its visualization, low cost,accuracy,it can greatly improve the automation and efficiency of the satellite operation.
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