distributed storage systems need the data replication management mechanism about the data creation,placement,selection,posi-tion and consistency,in order to ensure data secure,available,reliable,scalable and services efficient and consistent in distributed compu-ting environments. In this paper,a comprehensive analysis has been made about the domestic and overseas research results of the data rep-lication management mechanism for distributed storage systems in depth. Furthermore,an analysis is made from the aspects of the data a-vailability,the load balancing of nodes,the data consistency and the bandwidth consumption,etc. The research result has a good reference value for the rational design and construction of future distributed storage systems.% 分布式存储系统需要完善的数据副本创建、部署、选择、定位和一致性管理机制以保证分布式计算环境中的数据安全、可用、可靠、可扩展性和服务的高效、连续性。文中全面分析与研究了国内外对分布式存储系统中的副本管理机制研究现状，重点对副本创建、副本定位、副本一致性维护和副本撤销机制进行深入的研究，并从数据可用性、节点负载均衡、数据一致性和带宽消耗等性能指标进行了分析。文中的研究成果对于分布式存储系统的合理设计与构建具有良好的参考价值。
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