碳纤维（CF）已经成为制备高性能复合材料的重要基体之一。为了能制备性能更加稳定和高效的复合材料，需要对碳纤维表面进行处理和改性。使用硝酸作为表面改性液相体系，分别在不同的处理温度和时间下通过表面电镜扫描（SEM），X 射线衍射（XRD）和傅立叶红外光谱分析(FT-IR)表征处理结果。通过分析表征综合结果得出：当温度在80℃，处理时间为30 min 时，表面官能团分布最好，且微晶结构最好；当处理时间控制在120 min 以内，处理温度在100℃左右，纤维表面既能变得粗糙又不使得表面被酸刻蚀破坏。%Carbon fiber (CF) has become one of important raw materials to prepare high performance composite materials. In order to prepare more stable and efficient performance composite materials, carbon fiber surface need be treated and modified. In this paper, nitrate was used as a surface modification liquid system to treat the carbon fiber under different temperatures and time, and then treated carbon fiber was characterized by SEM (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results show that: when the temperature is 80 ℃, treatment time is 30min, the distribution of surface functional groups is the best, and the microcrystalline structure also is the best; when the processing time is within 120 min, treatment temperature is about 100 ℃, the fiber surface becomes rough ,but it cannot be destroyed by acid etching.
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