Heating is required in the transport process because of high viscosity of heavy oil, so the pipelines of heavy oil need external insulation layer. In order to reduce energy loss and production costs effectively, it is necessary to study the pipe insulation material and insulation thickness. In this paper, by analyzing geometric properties of the pipeline, the mathematical model of temperature field for the thermal insulation pipeline was established. Then finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to solve the mathematical model to obtain the temperature distribution. Taken a thermal insulation pipeline in Maoming petrochemical refinery as an example, based on simulation results of temperature field, the economic insulation thickness was calculated. Solving those problems could lay the theoretical foundation of reducing energy consumption and optimizing pipeline design.%由于重油粘度大，在运输过程中需要加热，通常需要在管道外加保温层。为了有效减少能源损失，降低生产成本，就必须研究管道的保温材料和保温层厚度。通过分析管道的几何特性，建立了管道保温层温度场的数学模型，运用有限元分析软件ANSYS求解该数学模型，得到保温管道的温度分布。以广东茂名石化炼油厂内某一保温管道为例，基于温度场模拟结果，计算出保温经济厚度。这些问题的求解为减少能量损耗、优化保温管道设计等问题奠定了理论基础。
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