选取768名不同民族的大学生,采用问卷法,分析了大学生民族认同和文化适应的特点,以自尊和幸福感为心理健康的两个指标,探讨了大学生的民族认同、文化适应与心理健康的关系,结果表明：（1）民族认同能正向预测大学生的自尊水平,民族认同以自尊为中介变量,对抑郁幸福感产生影响。（2）民族认同和中华民族认同呈正相关,少数民族大学生的民族认同显著高于汉族大学生;（3）少数民族大学生的民族认同与对主流群体态度呈负相关;（4）民族认同具有情景性,随着不同民族成员之间的接触和交流,民族认同逐渐减弱;（5）民族认同影响着少数民族大学生在主流文化社会中采取的文化适应策略,采取不同文化适应策略的少数民族大学生的自尊和幸福感存在显著差异。%768 college students from five ethnic groups were selected as the participants of the present study,and questionnaires were used to explore the relationship between the ethnic identity,acculturation,and psychological well-being of the participants.The results yield that（1）ethnic identity was a predictor of self-esteem,and also influenced the depression-happiness via self-esteem which played a mediator role;（2）there was significant correlation between ethnic identity and Chinese ethnic identity.Minority ethnic students scored higher in ethnic identity than major ethnic students;（3）there was negative correlation between ethnic identity and the attitude to major ethnic group among minority students;（4）ethnic identity was contextual,as the contact and communicate with different ethnic members,it showed a decrease trend;（5）ethnic identity has a significant influence on the strategies of acculturation for minority students when they were in mainstream culture society,and there was significant difference in self-esteem and depression-happiness in those who adopted different strategies of acculturation.
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