Objective To investigate the risk factors of liver cancer caused by posthepatitic cirrhosis.Methods 47 patients (study Group) were selected from patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer patients and 47 cases (control group) were selected to analyze the risk factors of liver cancer caused by posthepatitic cirrhosis in two groups.Results The single factor correlate analysis showed that age, drinking history, diabetes, HBV positive, Hbs antigen positive were the risk factors of liver cancer caused by posthepatitic cirrhosis, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that HBV positive, HBs antigen positive and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for liver cancer caused by posthepatitic cirrhosis, and the difference was statistically signiifcant (P<0.05).Conclusion There were many risk factors for liver cancer caused by posthepatitic cirrhosis, including diabetes, HBV DNA positive and Hbs antigen positive. And they were independent risk factors of liver cancer caused by posthepatitic cirrhosis. For patients with diabetes mellitus, DNA HBV positive and HBs antigen positive hepatitis B cirrhosis, we should be paid attention and prevention in clinical, to prevent the occurrence of primary liver cancer.%目的：探讨肝炎后肝硬化并发肝癌的相关危险因素。方法选择肝炎后肝硬化并发肝癌患者47例（研究组）；另外，选择肝炎后肝硬化未并发肝癌患者47例（对照组），回顾性分析2组患者肝炎后肝硬化并发肝癌的危险因素。结果经单因素分析显示，年龄、饮酒史、糖尿病、HBV阳性、Hbs抗原阳性等是肝炎后肝硬化并发肝癌可能存在的危险因素，且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。经Logistic多因素回归分析发现，HBV阳性、HBs抗原阳性、糖尿病为肝炎后肝硬化并发肝癌的独立危险因素，且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论肝炎肝硬化并发肝癌有多种危险因素，其中糖尿病、HBV DNA阳性与HBs抗原阳性是并发肝癌的独立危险因素，对于糖尿病、HBVDNA阳性与HBs抗原阳性的乙肝肝硬化患者，在临床上应予以注意和预防,以防止原发性肝癌的发生。
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