网络传输连接的往返时延(round-trip times,RTT)大小各不相同,因此TCP/AQM系统本质为一多时滞回路耦合系统.由于RTT分布范围远大于控制量调节周期,这给准确评估控制效果带来很大困难.已有基于控制理论的主动队列管理(active queue management,AQM)算法多以流体流模型为基础进行设计,没有充分考虑RTT和采样周期对系统性能的影响.对于TCP/AQM系统,合理的评价方法是对调节过程进行评价,而非仅评价单个采样周期内的控制量是否合适.本文结合数据驱动控制思想和系统自身特征,统一从路由视角对TCP与AQM之间的交互进行抽象,通过时间扩展从更大的时间尺度去评价控制量调节过程,然后基于此模型设计自适应AQM算法–—大时间尺度AQM算法(large time scale AQM,LTSAQM).仿真结果表明,该算法收敛速度快,排队时延抖动小,特别是在长时滞网络环境下,性能明显改善.%Since the round-trip times(RTT)of network traffic are diverse,TCP/AQM system is essentially a multi-delay coupling system.As the distribution of RTT is often far larger than the input regulating period,it becomes difficult to accu-rately assess the control effect.Most control-theoretic active queue management(AQM)schemes are designed based on the fluid-flow model,without considering the effect of large RTTs on system performance.A reasonable model for TCP/AQM system should focus on the evaluation of input adjustment process,rather than solely on evaluating whether the control in-put in a certain period is appropriate or not.Combining the data driven control with plant characteristics,this paper models the interactions between TCP protocol and AQM from an unified router perspective.Through time expansion,a large time scale evaluation model of TCP/AQM is obtained. An adaptive AQM scheme named large time scale AQM(LTSAQM)is then proposed based on the deduced model.Simulation results show the proposed method achieves fast convergence speed, small queueing delay jitters and prominent performance improvement in long-delay network environments.
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