简要综述了近年来评价有机涂层防护与失效的宏观与微观电化学方法.介绍了直流电化学极化、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、电化学噪声(ENM)等宏观电化学测试方法,此类方法主要反映涂装材料的整体防护特性和老化失效规律;而微区电化学测量方法,如局部电化学阻抗(LEIS)、扫描开尔文探针(SKP)、扫描振动电极(SVET)、扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)等,主要用于涂层局部或微缺陷的检测,以及界面层物理化学变化规律的研究.简述了应用这些方法所取得的成果,对进一步研究涂层失效具有一定指导意义.%The main electrochemical measurement techniques for evaluating the protection and failure of organic coatings in recent years are described.The macroscopic electrochemical measurement techniques including DC electrochemical polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),electrochemical noise method (ENM)are introduced which mainly reflect the overall protective performance and aging rule of coatings.And some kinds of localized electrochemical measurement techniques,for instance,local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS),scanning Kelvin probe (SKP),scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET),scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are also discussed,these methods are mainly used in detecting coating's local or microscopic defects and researching the rules of the physical and chemical change of interface layer.The research achievements of evaluating organic coating performance by applying these techniques are reviewed,which provide guidance for further study of coating failure.
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