The relationship between cotton yield, cotton growth period and meteorological data from 1997 to 2012 were statistically analyzed in Bortala, and screened out several kinds of critical periods and the key factors of meteorological conditions which were significantly impacted on cotton yield. The results show that,at the sowing stage-from middle to late April-rainfall and sunshine played a decisive role in high cotton yield;in May, the seedling stage, the number of rainy days and the hours of sunshine were key factors of yield formation;June was the 5-leaf stage to squaring stage of cotton, cotton growth was more affected by air temperature and sunshine;in July and August, hot and dry weather or low temperature and weak light were common, though cotton boll split and open were not obviously affected. Furthermore, 4 key factors inclnding rainfall of late April, number of rainy days in May, monthly mean temperature of June and rainfall in July, which were significantly influenced on meteorological yield, were found out, and could be described with the multivariate linear regression equation.%气象条件对棉花产量有着明显的影响，分析总结博州棉花生产受气象条件影响的关键因子和关键时段，将为保证博州棉花高产稳产提供科学依据。本文利用新疆博州1997-2012年的棉花产量、生育期、和气象资料，采用直线回归拟合方法分离出气象产量，并与棉花全生育期内各时段的气象要素进行相关分析，总结出博州棉花生产受气象条件影响的关键因子和关键时段。结果表明，4月中、下旬播种出苗期，降水和日照是影响博州棉花产量的主要影响因子；缘月幼苗期，降雨日数和日照时数是影响棉花产量的关键因子；远月处于五叶和现蕾期，气温和日照是影响棉花产量的关键因子；7月是博州最热的季节，棉花处于开花期，并开始结铃，降水和气温是影响棉花生长的关键因素；8-9月棉花裂铃和吐絮期，博州出现影响棉铃生长的高温干旱和低温寡照天气不明显。最后针对博州棉花生产提出了气象服务重点工作建议，为搞好气象为农服务，为博州棉花高产稳产提供了科学依据。
展开▼
