Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaCenter for Forecasting Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaDepartment of Information Systems City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China;
Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaSchool of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaSchool of Data Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China;
Department of Information Systems City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China;
Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaSchool of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 ChinaDepartment of Management Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China;
International Business School Shaanxi Normal University Xi''an 710119 ChinaDepartment of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Hong Kong University Hong Kong China;
Exchange rates forecasting; Variational mode decomposition; Kernel extreme learning machine; Self-organizing map; Decomposition ensemble learning;