Objective To discuss the correlation between the diopters and axis length ,anterior corneal surface semidiameter, and provide a reference for myopia prevention and control work. Methods A total of 210 adults (420 eyes) older than 18 was enrolled in this study. According to the diopter divide into two groups:emmetropia and myopia.Measuring and analysising the diopters and axis length ,anterior corneal surface semidiameter. Results The results showed a signiifcant difference between myopia and emmetropia in the axis length ,anterior corneal surface semidiameter (P<0.01).The emmetropia group of anterior corneal surface semidiameter (horizontal/vertical), axis length measurement value was 7.92±0.28/7.74±0.28、23.28±0.81;the myopia group was7.74±0.21/7.60±0.22、24.86±0.86. The partical correlation analysis indeated a signiifcant negative correlation between the diopters and axis length (r= -0.91,P < 0.01);and positive correlation between the diopters and anterior corneal surface semidiameter (horizontal/vertical) (r=0.78,0.82 ,P < 0.01);the anterior corneal surface horizontal and vertical semidiameter were positive correlation(r=0.89 ,P < 0.01);the same positive correlation between axis length and anterior corneal surface semidiameter (horizontal/vertical)(r=0.76,0.81, P < 0.01). Conclusions The occurrence of myopia development is high inseparable with axis length and anterior corneal curvature.%目的：探讨屈光度与眼轴长度、角膜曲率半径之间的关系，为近视防治工作提供参考依据。方法选取年龄>18岁的210例420眼，按屈光度分为正视眼和近视眼两组，测量其屈光度、眼轴长度、角膜曲率半径并进行统计学分析。结果1、两组参数值比较：正视眼组角膜曲率半径（水平/垂直）、眼轴长度测量值分别为7.92±0.28/7.74±0.28、23.28±0.81；近视眼组角膜曲率半径（水平/垂直）、眼轴长度测量值分别为7.74±0.21/7.60±0.22、24.86±0.86。两组结果采用t检验，发现均有差异（P＜0.01）。2、偏相关分析结果：屈光度与眼轴长度高度负相关(r=-0.91，P＜0.01)；屈光度与角膜曲率半径（水平/垂直）正相关（r=0.78、0.82，P＜0.01)；角膜水平曲率半径和垂直曲率半径正相关（r=0.89，P＜0.01）；眼轴长度与角膜曲率半径（水平/垂直）正相关（r=0.76、0.81, P＜0.01）。结论近视的发生发展与眼轴长度、角膜曲率的改变密不可分。
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