首页> 中文期刊> 《地学前缘》 >金川镍矿尾矿砂矿物组成特征与酸溶特性研究

金川镍矿尾矿砂矿物组成特征与酸溶特性研究

         

摘要

金属矿山生产产生大量的尾矿,不但危害周围生态环境,而且对资源造成极大浪费.金川镍矿尾矿砂Ni、Cu和Co的平均含量分别达到0.21%、0.19%和0.01%,是够得上二次开发利用的宝贵资源.文中对金川镍矿尾矿砂矿物组成特征及酸溶特性进行了详细的研究,目的是为工业化高效回收尾矿砂中Ni、Cu和Co等有价金属提供科学依据与技术支撑.矿物学研究表明,金川镍矿尾矿砂主要由蛇纹石、绿泥石、橄榄石、辉石、透闪石、磁铁矿、白云石及少量磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿和黄铜矿等组成.经多年露天堆存,金川镍矿老尾矿库尾矿砂已发生不同程度的氧化作用.尾矿库3m以上为强烈氧化带,金属硫化物矿物颗粒边缘、裂缝处基本都有强烈的氧化作用发生.碳酸盐等易溶矿物被大量消耗.硫酸溶解实验表明,金川镍矿老尾矿库尾矿砂中有价金属Cu、Ni和Co的平均浸出率分别可达88.6%、75.3%和70.8%.尾矿砂中Cu、Ni和Co有价金属的浸出效果不但清楚直观地反映了尾矿库中尾矿砂的氧化程度,而且表明金属硫化物尾矿砂的风化作用,极大地促进了硫化物矿物中有价金属的酸溶浸出.%Large amounts of mine tailings have been produced during mine production,which results in the serious environmental impacts as well as the great losses of resources.The average contents of Ni,Cu and Co in Jinchuan nickel tailings are up to 0.21%,0.19% and 0.01%,respectively,and can be the secondary resources.Therefore,the characteristics of mineralogy and acid dissolution of Jinchuan nickel tailings were investigated systematically and thoroughly.The objective is to provide the enterprise with tools for informed decision-making on the possibilities for secondary recovery of this low-grade nickel and copper resources.Jinchuan nickel tailings consist of mainly serpentine,chlorite,tremolite,olivine,pyroxene,magnetite,dolomite and minor pyrrhotite,pentlandite and chalcopyrite.The weathering with various degrees has occurred to Jinchuan nickel tailings after many years stockpiling.The upper part of the tailings (above 3 m) is the strong oxidation zones,where the oxidation takes place along cracks and/or along the rims of the sulfide crystals.As a result,carbonate minerals,the poorly resistant minerals to acid,has largely depleted.The average leaching ratios can be up to 88.6%,75.3% and 70.8% for Cu,Ni and Co,respectively.Not only does it reflect the oxidation stage of the tailings clearly,but also it demonstrates that the weathering is conducive for the valuable metals leaching of the tailings.

著录项

  • 来源
    《地学前缘》 |2013年第3期|138-146|共9页
  • 作者单位

    造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室;

    北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871;

    金川集团有限公司,甘肃金昌737104;

    造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室;

    北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871;

    金川集团有限公司,甘肃金昌737104;

    造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室;

    北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871;

    金川集团有限公司,甘肃金昌737104;

    造山带与地壳演化教育部重点实验室;

    北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871;

    金川集团有限公司,甘肃金昌737104;

    金川集团有限公司,甘肃金昌737104;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类 TD926.4;
  • 关键词

    铜镍硫化物; 尾矿砂; 风化; 有价金属; 酸溶; 回收;

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