In order to improve the utilization rate of agroclimatic resource, reduce the risk of agricultural production and ensure food safety, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of agroclimatic resource during main crops growing season in the south of Huaihe River Basin were analyzed by using daily meteorological data of 33 stations from 1971 to 2005. Results of Mann-Kendall test and climatic trend analysis showed that, (1) In recent 45 years, the heat resources of main crops growing season were both more in the north than the south and in the mountain areas than the plain areas. In the northern, eastern and part of western of Huaibei the heat resources increased slowly, while in parts of northwest and northeast of Huaibei as well as middle area along the Huaihe River the heat resources increased significantly. The warming trend of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn) growing season was more significant in the late 1990s, while that of summer corn (Zea mays L) and rice (Oryza sativa L) growing season reached a very significant level in the middle of the 2000s. (2) The first frost date was early in the north and late in the south as well as early in the plain area and late in the mountain area. The first frost date came later by the years. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of the last frost date was the opposite. Therefore, the frostless period was prolonged. The trends of delay of the first frost day and advance of last frost day were more significant at the beginning of the 2000s. (3) The precipitation of main crops growing season showed obvious zonal distributions and the north was much less than the south. The climatic trend rate increased or decreased slightly, which did not show significant trend but fluctuated greatly. The difference of precipitation variability in winter wheat growing season was not obvious everywhere except the mountainous area, where was obviously small. The precipitation variability increased before 2000, while it was about 15% in most of the years after 2000.The precipitation variability in summer corn and rice growing season was higher in the west than the middle east and higher in the plain areas than the mountain areas, which increased before 2005 then decreased. And (4) the radiation resources were more in the north than the south and less in the west and mountain areas. The radiation of most stations showed decreasing trend, and the decreasing rate in the western region was higher than that in other regions. The downward trend of radiation resources in winter wheat growing season was not significant, which varied little between generations. However, solar radiation resources in summer corn and rice growing season decreased significantly and exhibited even more significantly decreasing trend after the 2000s.%为了提高农业气候资源利用率、降低农业生产风险、确保粮食安全,利用淮河流域南部33个站点1971—2015年逐日气象资料,采用 Mann-Kendall 突变检测和气候倾向率方法,分析淮河流域南部主要粮食作物生长季的农业气候资源时空分布特征.结果表明,(1)作物生长季45 a热量资源均呈北少南多,山区多于平原的空间分布,淮北北部、东部以及西部的部分地区热量资源增加相对缓慢,淮北西北部和东北部局部以及沿淮中部为显著增加区.冬小麦Triticum aestivum生长季上世纪90年代末增暖趋势更加显著,夏玉米Zea mays和一季稻Oryza sativa生长季的增暖趋势则在本世纪00年代中期达到极显著趋势.(2)初霜日呈北早南迟、平原早山区迟的分布特点,随年代有推迟趋势;终霜日的时空分布与初霜日相反,使得无霜期呈增加趋势,初终霜日在本世纪00年代中期的推迟、提前趋势更加显著.(3)作物生长季45 a降水量均呈明显的纬向分布(北少南多),气候倾向率呈微弱的增减趋势,随年代变化趋势不明显,但波动较大.冬小麦生长季降水变率除山区明显偏小外,其他差异不明显,2000 年以前呈增加趋势,其后大多年份基本稳定在 15%左右;夏玉米和一季稻生长季降水变率呈西部大中东部小、平原大山区小的分布特点,2005年以前呈增加趋势,其后呈下降趋势.(4)作物生长季45 a辐射资源呈北多南少、西部和山区少的分布特点,大部分站点的气候倾向率呈下降趋势,其中西部地区下降速率高于其他地区;冬小麦生长季辐射资源下降趋势不明显,年代际间变化不大;夏玉米和一季稻生长季下降趋势明显,本世纪00年代以后更加显著.
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