为了解惠州市土壤中多环芳烃的空间分布特征,采集了该市不同区县42个不同土地利用类型的表层土壤样品,并结合地理信息系统(GIS)技术分析惠州市土壤多环芳烃的空间分布特征,探清惠州市土壤多环芳烃的残留现状、来源和扩散趋势等,为惠州市土壤多环芳烃的污染治理奠定理论基础.结果表明,土壤中多环芳烃总量介于35.40~534.5μg·kg-1,平均值为123.09μg·kg-1.空间分布分析结果显示,Chr和Bkf具有强烈的空间相关性;Nap、Ace、Acy、Flu、Phe、Ant、Fla、Baa、Daa和Bbf具有中等空间相关性;Pyr、Bap、I1p和Bgp空间相关性很弱.趋势分析显示,16种多环芳烃在东西和南北方向上呈现出明显的增减规律性.Nap和Bkf由东向西、由南向北逐渐升高,而Flu、Pyr、Baa、Bbf、Ipy、Daa则恰好相反;Acy、Ace、Ant均由东向西、由南向北急剧升高,与Phe、Fla的变化趋势恰好相反;Chr和Bap在东西、南北方向没有明显趋势变化;Bgp在东西方向上,由东向西逐渐下降,而在南北方向上,呈明显的倒U形.利用GIS软件地统计模块进行了普通克里格(Ordinary Kriging)插值,结果显示16种多环芳烃组分分布特征各不相同,Ace、Acy和Ant等3种多环芳烃组分含量呈现出自西北向东南方向递增的趋势;Phe、Fla、Pyr、Bkf、Chr、I1p、Daa和Bgp等则恰好相反;Nap、Bbf和Bap等没有明显的分布趋势.Nap最高含量区面积很小,Bap高含量区面积较大,Baa在整个惠州市含量均较低,但在惠城区出现明显的岛状高含量分布区.以上结果反映了不同区域多环芳烃来源的不同,而多环芳烃的来源与当地经济社会发展情况及产业结构关系密切,主要包括工业"三废"、交通废气、石油燃烧和、生活垃圾焚烧等.%In order to understand the spatial distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils of Huizhou, 42 soil samples of different land use types in different counties were collected. The spatial distribution characteristic of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils was analyzed by using geographic information system (GIS) to analyze the residual status, source and diffusion trend of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and provide theoretical support for pollution control of PAHs in Huizhou City. The results showed that the content of PAHs in soils ranged from 35.40 to 534.5μg·kg-1 with the average value of 123.09μg·kg-1. The results of spatial distribution analysis showed strong spatial correlation between Chr and Bkf; moderate spatial correlation was occurred among Nap, Ace, Acy, Flu, Phe, Ant, Fla, Baa, Daa and Bbf. In contrast, the spatial correlation among Pyr, Bap, I1p and Bgp was very weak. The trend analysis showed obvious regularity for concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). For instance, concentrations of Nap and Bkf in Huizhou soils gradually increased from east to west and from south to north, while Flu, Pyr, Baa, Bbf, Ipy and Daa were opposite; Acy, Ace, Ant increased acutely from east to west and from south to north, but Phe and Fla were opposite to them. No change was observed for Chr and Bap in both of the two directions. Concentrations of Bgp in Huizhou soils decreased gradually from east to west, and showed a clear inverted U-shape in the north-south direction. Ordinary Kriging interpolation was carried out using GIS software. The results showed that the distribution characteristics of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were different. The concentrations of Ace, Acy and Ant increased from northwest to southeast, but the reverse trend was observed for Phe, Fla, Pyr, Bkf, Chr, I1p, Daa and Bgp. No obvious trend occurred for Nap, Bbf and Bap. Highest content area of Nap was very small, but high content area of Bap was relatively larger. The concentrations of Baa in all soil samples of Huizhou were low, but a 'hot-pot' area was observed in Huicheng District. The above results reflected different sources of PAHs in different regions. The sources of PAHs are usually related to the economic and social development, and industrial structure in local area, mainly including the emission of "three wastes", traffic exhaust, oil burning, waste incineration and so on.
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