To obtain the distribution status and habitat community characteristics ofPinella yaoluopingensis, an endemic species in Anhui, as well as to provide the scientific basis for the utilization and protection ofPinella yaoluopingensis,based on the investigation, the habitat community characteristics ofPinella yaoluopingensis inYaoluoping nature reserve in Anhui were analyzed. The results showed that: the distribution range ofPinella yaoluopingensis was narrow in Yaoluoping nature reserve, which were mainly distributed in an open forest in the range of 1000~1200 m above sea level (canopy density: 0.4~0.6, slope: 2°~10°); there were a total of 117 species belonging to 91 genera of 55 families in thePinella yaoluopingensis communities, the diversities of family and genera in the plots were high; the habitat community geographical element has temperate and tropical dual nature, but dominated by temperate nature, the habitat community showed secondary vegetation characteristics; the habitat community life form spectrum was dominated by herbaceous types (50 species, accounted for 42.74%), and in the tree layer, deciduous component accounted for the majority, which reflected the communitieswere located in the transition zone from subtropical zone to warm temperate zone; the leaf size of vegetation was mainly dominated by mesophyll (accounted for 50.43%), and the leaf quality of vegetation was mainly dominated by papery leaves (accounted for 80.34%), the proportion of species with non-entire margin leaves was higer than that with entire leaves (the former accounted for 64.96%);Pinella yaoluopingensis was in an associated position in the communities, and most communities were dominated byPinus taiwanensis; in terms of species, the number of broadleaved species was more than conifer species, but in term of important value, the value ofPinus taiwangensis was the highest, there were more individuals ofPinellia yaoluopingensisin the region where the coverage of shrub layer was at 12%~30%, the coverage of herb layer was usually 10%~20%, which was dominated byParathelypteris glanduligera. There was not a bulbil in the petiole ofPinellia yaoluopingensis and the proliferation rate was low, this may have affected the quantity of seedlings ofPinella Yaoluopingensis. The habitat community types and distribution points ofPinella yaoluopingensis were less, thus maintaining existing habitat community can provide powerful guarantee for protectingPinella yaoluopingensis. The habitat community characteristics ofPinellia yaoluopingensis can provide the theory basis for artificial cultivation and breeding.%为了解安徽特有植物鹞落坪半夏Pinella yaoluopingensis分布现状和生境地群落特点，并为鹞落坪半夏的开发利用及保护提供科学依据，经多次踏查之后，采用样方法对安徽省鹞落坪保护区鹞落坪半夏生境地群落进行了调查。结果表明：在鹞落坪保护区，鹞落坪半夏分布范围狭窄，其主要分布在海拔1000~1200 m范围的疏林中（郁闭度0.4~0.6，坡度2°~10°）；鹞落坪半夏生境地群落植物区系组成共有117种，隶属于55科91属，植物科级和属级水平的多样性高；群落地理成分以温带为主，兼有温带和热带的双重性质，群落表现出次生性的植被特征；鹞落坪半夏生境地群落生活型谱以草本类型为主（50种，占42.74%），且在乔木种类中，落叶成分占了绝大部分，反映了鹞落坪半夏生境地群落是由亚热带向暖温带的过渡地带；叶级以中型叶占优势（占50.43%），叶质以纸质叶为主（占80.34%），非全缘叶种类占的比例明显高于全缘叶（前者占64.96%）；鹞落坪半夏在群落中处于伴生地位，其所在群落主要为黄山松疏林；整个乔木层，从种类讲，以阔叶种类居多，但从重要值指数分析，以针叶树黄山松重要值最大（86.7）；灌木层覆盖度在12%~30%的区域分布有较多的鹞落坪半夏，草本层覆盖度在10%~20%，以金星蕨占优势。鹞落坪半夏更新小苗十分稀少，这可能与鹞落坪半夏叶柄无珠芽、增殖率较低有关。鹞落坪半夏生境地群落类型少、分布点少，维持现有的群落是保护鹞落坪半夏的有力保障。鹞落坪半夏生境地群落特征可为鹞落坪半夏人工栽培繁殖提供理论依据。
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