The dynamic change of soil physio-chemical properties, microbial characteristics and the relationships between the soil physio-chemical characteristics and soil microbial population in different re-vegetation stages on the sloping-land with purple soils in Hengyang were studied by the method of spatiotemporal substitution. The results showed that: (1)The soil physio-chemical properties had improved remarketly and the number of microbial population significantly increased in re-vegetation 55 years;(2) In the process of re-vegetation stages, the number of bacteria increased at first, after 20 years it reached to the highest, then decreasd, it presented a regulation“anti-U”curve, there were no obviously change in amount of fungi and antinomyce;(3) Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlation between the amount of bacteria and SOM, TN, AN and AK (P<0.05 or P<0.01), between the amount of fungi and SOM, TN (P<0.05). But there was no significant correlation between actinomyces and soil properties;(4) Principal component analysis showed that total microbial population could be an index to evaluate re-vegetation and soil quality.% 采用时空互代法，对衡阳紫色土丘陵坡地不同阶段土壤理化性状、微生物特征及相互关系进行研究。结果表明：(1)恢复55年后土壤理化性状得到明显改善，微生物数量显著增加；(2)在灌丛阶段(Ⅲ)20年细菌数量最大，各阶段呈现出倒“U”形规律，放线菌与真菌的变化规律不明显；(3)相关分析表明细菌数量与SOM、TN、AN与AK的相关性达显著或极显著水平，真菌数量与SOM、TN的相关性达显著水平，放线菌与土壤理化性状的相关性不明显；(4)主成分分析表明微生物数量可作为评价植被恢复对土壤质量改善的指标。
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