作为流域生态系统管理和水资源保护的重要手段,如何科学合理地开展流域水生态功能区划,已成为世界各国可持续发展所面临的关键挑战之一.本文立足我国流域综合管理的特点和发展趋势,针对我国现行水功能区划的问题,结合国外流域水生态区划的经验,提出了基于流域生态学、地域分异规律、生态系统健康与生态完整性、流域生态系统管理等理论基础的,以恢复流域持续性、完整性生态系统健康为目标,反映流域水陆耦合体在不同时空尺度景观异质性的流域水生态功能区划及其原则,重点分析了流域水生态系统的空间格局、生态过程以及动态演替等3个区划的关键问题,并提出了区划的方法,以期为我国流域水生态功能区划和流域生态系统管理提供战略层次的科学依据.%As one of the most important environmental and water resource management strategies, optimized aquatic ecological function regionalization at watershed scale (AEFRWS) is increasingly regarded as a gateway to sustainable development around the world. AEFRWS is recognized as a systematic design method for watershed sustainability and integrated management of ecosystem health. We combined the characteristics and developmental trends of watershed management strategies with existing case studies of AEGRWS to provide a systematic theory and methodology for recognizing spatial patterns of aquatic ecosystems as well as key fac-tors and drivers influencing ecological processes and dynamics. This is based on interdisciplinary theories, including watershed ecol-ogy, landscape heterogeneity, ecosystem health and ecological integrity, and watershed ecosystem management. The basic objective of this paper is to provide scientific information for implementing sustainable ecosystem management.
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