高校贫困生就业质量数据是精准就业扶贫的基础.对江西省6所高校的量化调研表明,高校贫困生的就业质量存在内外部异质性:从外部异质性看,贫困生的就业质量低于非贫困生;从内部异质性看,理工科贫困生的就业质量高于人文社科类贫困生,省外就业的贫困生就业质量高于省内就业的贫困生.贫困生就业质量内外部异质性的主因都指向了社会资本.即,贫困生就业缺乏社会关系,导致就业质量低于非贫困生;而在贫困生群体内部,选择理工类就读和省外就业,能规避社会资本匮乏的不利影响,因而其就业质量较高.基于此,可以制定若干提升贫困生就业质量的帮扶措施,如构建和善用贫困生就业质量动态数据库,强化贫困生社会资本,建立贫困生就业质量保障系统等.%Measuring college poverty graduate employment quality is the basis of targeted poverty alleviation. Quantitative research on six universities in Jiangxi province shows that internal and external heterogeneity of poverty graduate employment quality both exists. From the view of external heterogeneity, the poverty graduate employment quality lower than other students. From the view of internal heterogeneity, the employment quality of poverty graduates in science and technology field is higher than those whom in field of humanities and social sciences, and the employment quality of poverty students work out of the province is higher than those whom in the province. Major causes of poverty graduate employment quality from both internal and external heterogeneity point to social capital. Definitely, poverty graduate lacks social relations and skill, so their employment quality is lower than other student. And in the group of poverty graduates, those who major in science and technology or work out of Jiangxi province can avoid the negative impact of social capital, so their employment quality is higher than those who major in humanities and social sciences or work in Jiangxi province. Based on the conclusions, it can make some accurate measures to improve poverty college graduate employment quality, such as building dynamic database of employment quality, strengthening poverty students'social capital, establishing the multi-agent interactive employment quality assurance system, etc.
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