提出一种基于虚拟电厂的实时充电进程控制模型,既考虑了电动汽车车主的出行行为特性,又缓解了配电网的负荷不平衡,达到车-网互动的目的.采用双层算法求解所提模型,外层算法采用静态路由算法读取负荷数据,并采用前推回代方法计算节点电压及配电网网损;内层算法采用老化算法判断电动汽车的接入相,并采用轮询调度算法平衡配电网的三相负荷不平衡.通过调节电动汽车的充电时间可以有效地降低配电网网损以及平衡原配电网的三相不平衡度.算例仿真表明,所提策略可以有效地避免充电高峰,缓解配电网的三相负荷不平衡度,同时降低配电网网损,保障电网安全经济运行.%A model based on virtual power plant is proposed to control the charging process in real time,which not only considers the travel behaviors of EV (Electric Vehicle) owners but also relieves the load imbalance of distribution network to realize the interaction between EVs and distribution network.A twolayer algorithm is proposed to solve the model.Its outer layer adopts the static routing algorithm to obtain the load data and the back/forward sweep method to calculate the nodal voltage and power loss of distribution network;its inner layer adopts the aging algorithm to judge the accessing phase of EV and the round-robin scheduling algorithm to balance the three-phase loads of distribution network.The power loss and the load imbalance degree of distribution network can be reduced by adjusting the charging time of EVs.Simulative results show that,the proposed strategy can not only avoid the charging peak and lower the three-phase load imbalance degree of distribution network but also reduce its power loss and ensure its safe and economical operation.
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