This paper mainly analyses the influences of meteorological conditions and the overall cost for the cooling tower selection, with the difference geographical features of nuclear power plants in Germany Thuringia and China Shidaowan site. The reason that cooling tower configuration in Germany can be selected with smaller area isdemonstrated. According to the specific site conditions, the cold end need to be optimized comprehensively and integrally, and scale of the cold end can be determined reasonably.%本文主要针对德国林根核电站、中国石岛湾核电站两个厂址地域特点，分别从气象条件和冷却塔综合单价两个方面，分析论证其对冷却塔选型的影响，提出了德国同容量机组配置冷却塔偏小的主要原因；同时指出了需针对具体的厂址条件，对冷端进行全面、综合优化，合理确定冷端的规模。
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