为了实现对低空多旋翼无人机的旋翼片数及其转动周期参数进行识别,提出了基于逆合成孔径雷达 (ISAR)像序列的多旋翼无人机参数估算方法,利用欧拉旋转矩阵对多旋翼无人机运动模型进行建模,并分析了多旋翼无人机ISAR像成像机理,然后利用距离瞬时多普勒算法获取了多旋翼无人机的ISAR像序列,通过成像仿真发现,当旋翼与雷达视向垂直时在成像平面上会出现强散射;再对ISAR像数据进行预处理,获取了强散射在时间-距离向上的分布矩阵,结合蚁群算法估算出了旋翼数目,并用自相关估算出了转动周期.仿真结果表明:提出的算法具有较好的抗噪性,在信噪比大于-10dB的情况下,实现了对旋翼片数及其转动周期的估算,且旋翼转动周期估算误差小于8％.%In order to identify the number of rotor blades and rotation period parameters of low-altitude multi-rotor UAVs, a method of parameter estimation for multi-rotor UAVs based on ISAR sequences was proposed.Euler rotation matrix was used to build a motion model for multi-rotor UAVs, and the ISAR imaging mechanism of multi-rotor UAVs was analyzed.Then the ISAR sequence of multi-rotor UAVs was obtained by using the range-instantaneous Doppler algorithm.Through the imaging simulation, it was discovered that strong scattering would appear on the imaging surface when the rotor is perpendicular to the radar's visual direction.The ISAR data was pre-processed, and the distribution matrix of strong scattering in the time-range domain was obtained.Then the number of rotor blades was estimated by using the ant colony algorithm, and the rotation period was estimated by autocorrelation.The simulation results show that the proposed method has a good anti-noise performance.The number of rotor blades and the rotation period could be estimated when the SNR was greater than - 10 dB, and the estimation error of the rotation period was less than 8 ％.
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