How to maximize the efficiency of target assignment in multi-layered anti-missile system is a very important and also a difficult problem .Considering both the operational effectiveness and operational expense,we proposed a model for target assignment of multi-layered anti-missile system based on threat updating mechanics.A self-adapting niche clonal genetic algorithms (SNCGA)was put forward based on the genetic algorithm and thought of immune system .Simulations were made for the multi-layered anti-missile target assignment to test the performance of the new algorithms .The results prove that the algorithm have high precision and fine real-time performance,which can provide a support for scientific and real-time decision-making in anti-missile command and control system .%多层反导目标分配问题中如何使得效率最高，是非常重要又十分困难的问题。从综合考虑作战效能与作战费用的角度，建立了基于威胁更新机制的多层反导目标分配模型。针对模型的复杂性，结合遗传算法和免疫系统的思想提出了自适应小生境克隆遗传算法，并针对多层反导目标分配进行仿真。仿真结果表明，新算法在解决多层反导目标分配时具有突出的优化精度和实时性能，为反导指控系统作出科学、准确和实时的决策提供有力支撑。
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