采用1H,1H,8H,8H-十二氟-1,8-辛二醇(F12)对水性聚氨酯进行改性，制备了氟化水性聚氨酯，通过红外光谱、扫描电镜对产物进行了表征，研究了不同F12含量制备的氟化水性聚氨酯的吸水率和水接触角，测试了涂膜的力学性能。结果表明，随着 F12含量的增加，所制备的氟化水性聚氨酯涂膜的水接触角、附着力以及硬度逐渐增大，吸水率逐渐降低，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率则先增加后减少。当F12用量为0.3%~0.4%时，涂膜的综合性能较佳：附着力1级，铅笔硬度H~2H，柔韧性3~5 mm，拉伸强度16.32~18.64 MPa，断裂伸长率397.65%~301.65%，涂膜吸水率7.1%~6.7%，水接触角67°~72°。以F12制备的氟化水性聚氨酯表面能低，具有良好的拉伸强度和耐水性，有望在纺织物及海洋防污涂层材料中得到应用。%A fluorinated waterborne polyurethane was prepared by modification of water-based polyurethane using 1H,1H,8H,8H-dodecafluoro-1,8-octanediol (F12), and then characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption rates, water contact angles, and mechanical properties of the fluorinated water-based polyurethane coatings prepared with different contents of F12 were studied. The results showed that the water contact angle, adhesion strength, and hardness of the prepared fluorinated water-based polyurethane coating are increased gradually with increasing content of F12 while the water absorption is decreased, and the tensile strength and elongation at break are increased initially and then decreased. When the content of F12 is 0.3%-0.4%, the comprehensive performance of the coating obtained is the optimal: adhesion strength 1 grade, pencil hardness H-2H, flexibility 3-5 mm, tensile strength 16.32-18.64 MPa, elongation at break 397.65%-301.65%, water absorption rate 7.1%-6.7%, and water contact angle 67°-72°. The F12-fluorinated water-based polyurethane has low surface energy as well as good tensile strength and water resistance, being able to be used for fabrics and as a marine antifouling coating material.
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