The innovation of electricity industry in China has entered a new development stage. Electricity industry belongs to typical natural monopoly industries, the processes and products of its innovation in marketization depend on many factors including social forces, economy, politics and recourses. In order to improve the efficiency and get the appropriate scheme of the innovation in China’s electricity industry, we comprehensively analyze the market-oriented reforms of electricity industry in four developed countries,the United States, Britain, Japan and Australia and three countries,Brazil, Argentina and India. We retrospect the process of their marketization and extract the feature of their current market mechanisms and market pattern by international comparative researching. On this basis,we explore the innovation scheme and market mechanisms of China’s electricity industry and make suggestions on legislation, innovation, the establishment of market mechanisms and clean development for China’s electricity industry.%中国的电力产业改革已经进入新一阶段，作为典型的自然垄断产业，其市场化改革进程和产物受到社会、经济、政治、资源等因素的影响。为提高中国电力产业改革效率，明确具体实施过程和方案，通过综合分析与比较美国、英国、日本、澳大利亚4个发达国家以及巴西、阿根廷和印度3个国家的电力产业市场化改革的差异性，梳理主要国家的电力市场化改革进程、现行市场机制和市场模式的特点。根据国际经验对我国的电力改革方案和市场机制发展进行思考，并针对我国未来的电力改革从立法、改制、市场机制建立和清洁化发展4个方面提出建议。
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