爆破施工时,为了保证近邻建(构)筑物的安全,结合徐盐铁路徐淮场路堑土石方爆破开挖工程,开展了近邻建(构)筑物情况下的爆破施工安全防护技术研究.在勘察分析周围环境后,对爆破有害效应采取了针对性安全防护措施:①爆破振动,选用岩石乳化炸药,采取延时控制爆破技术,划分爆破区域;②爆破飞石,覆盖炮被和沙袋,搭设防护排架,砌筑缓冲堤;③爆破冲击波和噪声,最小抵抗线背离建(构)筑物,装药时封闭薄弱部位,确保炮孔填塞质量,延时间隔起爆,避免大风天气施工;④爆破有害气体,严禁使用变质炸药,起爆后加强爆破区域的通风和洒水.在徐淮场爆破工程安全防护措施的基础上,结合已有的近邻建(构)筑物爆破安全防护经验,系统的归纳总结出近邻建(构)筑物情况下爆破施工的安全防护体系.%In order to ensure the safety of neighboring buildings and structures,safety protection technology is researched in condition of neighboring buildings and structures combining with excavation engineering of the Xuhuai station road cutting of the Xuzhou-Yancheng passenger dedicated railway line.After prospecting and analyzing surrounding environment.Safety precautions are as follow:① Blasting vibration,zoning blasting,millisecond blasting combined with rock emulsion explosive.②Blasting flyrock,laying"blasting quilts",sandbag and steel-pipe row frame and making buffering dike.③Blasting noise and shock wave,that are deviate from neighboring buildings and structures,weak parts is closed when explosive charge,ensuring quality of blasthole,millisecond blasting,and avoiding construction in gale weather.④Blasting harmful gas,metamorphic explosive is strictly forbade,and ventilating and sprinkling after blasting.On the basis of safety precautions of Xuhuai station road cutting,a set of blasting protection system is concluded that is suitable for neighboring buildings and structures combining with existing safety protection technology in condition of neighboring buildings and structures.
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